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Small angle X-ray scattering of resistant starch type III
Keren Shamai1, Eyal Shimoni, Havazelet Bianco-Peled
1Inter-Departmental program for Biotechnology, Department of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
Biomacromolecules
|January 13, 2004
Summary
Resistant starch type III (RSIII) forms distinct colloidal structures during starch retrogradation. Low-temperature processing yields ordered polymorph B, while high-temperature processing results in disordered polymorphs A and V.
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Biophysics
- Materials Science
Background:
- Resistant starch type III (RSIII) is a starch fraction resistant to digestion, offering health benefits like prebiotic effects and reduced colon cancer risk.
- Understanding the colloidal structure of RSIII is crucial for optimizing its production and health benefits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the colloidal structure of native high amylose corn starch (HACS) and RSIII polymorphs.
- To elucidate the impact of retrogradation temperature on RSIII structure.
Main Methods:
- Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was employed to analyze the structure of HACS and RSIII.
- Experimental scattering curves were fitted using theoretical models, including the modified lamellar model.
Main Results:
- Low-temperature retrogradation produced RSIII polymorph B with lower crystallinity but long-range lamellar periodicity.
- High-temperature retrogradation resulted in RSIII polymorphs A and V, lacking defined periodicity and exhibiting very low crystallinity.
- The high-temperature system was characterized as a dilute particulate system.
Conclusions:
- Retrogradation temperature significantly influences the colloidal structure and polymorph formation of RSIII from HACS.
- The structural differences observed may impact the functional and health properties of RSIII.