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Related Experiment Videos

Evaluation of Kd underestimation using solid phase microextraction.

S Lee1, J Gan, W P Liu

  • 1Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, USA.

Environmental Science & Technology
|January 14, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Hydrophobic pollutants

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Many environmental pollutants are hydrophobic and adsorb strongly to organic matter.
  • Conventional methods for measuring partition coefficients (Kd) may underestimate pollutant levels due to adsorption to dissolved organic matter (DOM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with liquid-liquid partition (LLP) for measuring the Kd of bifenthrin and permethrin isomers.
  • To evaluate the underestimation of Kd values by conventional methods due to DOM adsorption.

Main Methods:

  • SPME and LLP were used to measure the Kd of bifenthrin and permethrin isomers on various sediment types.
  • SPME selectively detects freely dissolved concentrations, while LLP may include DOM-adsorbed fractions.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • SPME yielded Kd values 0.6–4.4 times greater than LLP in creek and field sediments.
  • SPME resulted in Kd values 3.6–21.7 times greater than LLP in nursery runoff sediments.
  • Underestimation by LLP was linked to DOM adsorption, particularly for compounds with a DOM adsorption coefficient (KDOM) > 10(4).

Conclusions:

  • Existing Kd values for hydrophobic pollutants may be significantly underestimated.
  • SPME is a viable and effective tool for accurately measuring Kd and assessing underestimation caused by DOM adsorption.