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Immediate and delayed type hypersensitivity to malathion.

H M Schanker1, G Rachelefsky, S Siegel

  • 1UCLA Medical Center.

Annals of Allergy
|December 11, 1992
PubMed
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Skin reactions to malathion bait used for Mediterranean fruit fly control are uncommon. A study found only one possible immediate allergic reaction among ten subjects tested, suggesting low population sensitivity.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Epidemiology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Widespread malathion and corn syrup bait spraying occurred in Southern California (1989-1990) to control the Mediterranean fruit fly.
  • 1,874 illness reports were received, including skin issues like urticaria, angioedema, and nonspecific rash.
  • The need to differentiate allergic reactions from irritant effects was identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate hypersensitivity reactions to malathion or corn syrup bait.
  • To determine if reported skin reactions were immediate or delayed hypersensitivity.

Main Methods:

  • Ten subjects with reported skin reactions were patch tested.
  • Testing included malathion and corn syrup bait.
  • Reactions were assessed for immediate (IgE-mediated) or delayed hypersensitivity.

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Main Results:

  • No subjects showed positive reactions on patch testing.
  • One child reacted to the bait.
  • One child exhibited irritant reactions to malathion and bait.

Conclusions:

  • One case of a possible immediate IgE-mediated reaction to malathion bait was documented.
  • Low participation rates limit population-wide conclusions.
  • Skin reactions to malathion bait appear to be uncommon.