Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 24, 2026
06:01
A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
Published on: August 18, 2015
Thrombosis in pediatric cardiac patients
1Division of Laboratory Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. paul.monagle@wch.org.au
Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
|January 14, 2004
Summary
Pediatric cardiac disease and thrombosis are linked, often due to congenital conditions or treatments like central venous access. Understanding these risks and management strategies is crucial for improving outcomes in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Hematology
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Cardiac disease and thrombosis are closely linked in adults, but primary myocardial infarction is rare in children.
- Conditions like familial hyperlipidemia and Kawasaki's disease can lead to severe coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction in pediatric populations.
- Children with congenital structural cardiac disease often develop iatrogenic thrombosis, frequently linked to central venous access.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the pathophysiology and management of primary myocardial infarction in children.
- To describe the epidemiology and management of treatment-induced thrombosis in pediatric cardiac patients.
- To present evidence for prophylactic antithrombotic therapy in various clinical scenarios involving pediatric cardiac disease and surgery.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pathophysiology and management strategies for pediatric cardiac disease and thrombosis.
- Epidemiological description of treatment-induced thrombosis in children with cardiac conditions.
- Evidence-based review of prophylactic antithrombotic therapy in pediatric cardiac surgery.
Main Results:
- Primary myocardial infarction is rare in children, but familial hyperlipidemia and Kawasaki's disease are significant risk factors.
- Iatrogenic thrombosis, often due to central venous access, is a common complication in children with congenital cardiac disease.
- Prophylactic antithrombotic therapy is frequently used in pediatric cardiac surgery, with varying evidence for efficacy.
Conclusions:
- Further research is needed to improve outcomes for children with cardiac disease and thrombosis.
- Understanding the specific risks and implementing appropriate management are key to addressing pediatric thrombosis.
- Optimizing antithrombotic strategies is essential for preventing and treating thrombosis in pediatric cardiac patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction
Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
01:29Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care
Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
01:30Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management
Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
01:29Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
01:27Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management
A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
01:19Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction
A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...