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Tuberculosis presenting as epitrochlear lymphadenitis.

Nancy F Crum1

  • 1Naval Medical Center San Diego, Infectious Diseases Division, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, San Diego, CA 92134, USA. nfcrum@nmcsd.med.navy.mil

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|January 16, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Epitrochlear lymphadenitis, a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in immunocompetent individuals, is detailed in this case report. This study reviews the third documented instance, contributing to understanding this uncommon presentation.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) can manifest in various ways, often posing diagnostic challenges.
  • Epitrochlear lymphadenitis, inflammation of the epitrochlear lymph nodes, is an infrequent sign of TB.
  • Immunocompetent hosts typically present with fewer opportunistic infections, making TB a less suspected cause.

Observation:

  • A case of epitrochlear lymphadenitis in an immunocompetent host is presented.
  • This clinical presentation is highly unusual for tuberculosis.
  • The patient's clinical course and diagnostic workup are detailed.

Findings:

  • This report documents the third case of epitrochlear lymphadenitis caused by tuberculosis in the medical literature.

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  • The findings highlight the potential for TB to affect peripheral lymph nodes even in immunocompetent individuals.
  • A comprehensive literature review on this rare condition is provided.

    • Implications:

    • This case expands the known clinical spectrum of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
    • It underscores the importance of considering TB in the differential diagnosis of epitrochlear lymphadenitis, regardless of immune status.
    • Further research may elucidate the specific mechanisms facilitating TB lymphadenitis in immunocompetent hosts.