Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

2.9K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.9K
Vascular Spasm01:16

Vascular Spasm

4.9K
The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last...
4.9K
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists01:18

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

615
Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme...
615
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

382
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
382
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

271
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
271
Portal Hypertension01:22

Portal Hypertension

50
Portal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure within the portal venous system. Normally, this pressure is less than 5 mmHg. It is considered clinically significant when it rises above 10 mmHg. At this threshold, complications from altered blood flow and venous congestion emerge.EtiologyPortal hypertension arises from conditions that impede blood flow through the liver. The most common cause is cirrhosis, in which chronic liver injury leads to fibrotic scarring. This fibrosis narrows or...
50

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Primary standardization, half-life determination, and γ-ray emission probability of <sup>233</sup>Pa at NRC.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2026
Same author

Galactose tolerance in adults with classical galactosaemia. Considering the gaps.

Molecular genetics and metabolism reports·2026
Same author

Long term conservation practice effects on agricultural soil loss from concentrated and distributed sources.

Journal of environmental management·2024
Same author

Stable, narrow-linewidth laser system with a broad frequency tunability and a fast switching time.

Optics letters·2024
Same author

Primary standardization and half-life determination of <sup>225</sup>Ac at NRC.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2023
Same author

An olivine cumulate outcrop on the floor of Jezero crater, Mars.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

In vivo Liver Endocytosis Followed by Purification of Liver Cells by Liver Perfusion
12:35

In vivo Liver Endocytosis Followed by Purification of Liver Cells by Liver Perfusion

Published on: November 10, 2011

20.3K

Endothelin and vascular function in liver disease.

K Moore1

  • 1Centre for Hepatology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK. kmoore@rfc.ucl.ac.uk

Gut
|January 16, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endothelins are peptides that affect blood vessel constriction. Their role in liver disease and acute kidney injury, including hepatorenal syndrome, is under investigation.

More Related Videos

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

15.4K
A Standardized Method for the Analysis of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells and Their Fenestrations by Scanning Electron Microscopy
08:38

A Standardized Method for the Analysis of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells and Their Fenestrations by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Published on: April 30, 2015

14.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

In vivo Liver Endocytosis Followed by Purification of Liver Cells by Liver Perfusion
12:35

In vivo Liver Endocytosis Followed by Purification of Liver Cells by Liver Perfusion

Published on: November 10, 2011

20.3K
Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

15.4K
A Standardized Method for the Analysis of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells and Their Fenestrations by Scanning Electron Microscopy
08:38

A Standardized Method for the Analysis of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells and Their Fenestrations by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Published on: April 30, 2015

14.4K

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Nephrology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Endothelins (ETs) are a family of three related vasoactive peptides.
  • Two receptor subtypes, ET(A) and ET(B), mediate endothelin effects.
  • Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor, prompting research into its vascular roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the significance of endothelin in liver disease-related vascular dysfunction.
  • To investigate the potential involvement of endothelin in the development of acute renal failure, specifically hepatorenal syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on endothelin, vascular function, liver disease, and renal failure.
  • Analysis of studies investigating endothelin receptor subtypes (ET(A), ET(B)) and their signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Endothelin's potent vasoconstrictive properties suggest a key role in vascular tone regulation.
  • Evidence points to endothelin's involvement in the complex pathophysiology of liver disease.
  • The contribution of endothelin to hepatorenal syndrome warrants further detailed investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Endothelin signaling is a critical factor in vascular function, particularly relevant in liver disease.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate endothelin's role in hepatorenal syndrome pathogenesis.