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Retaking sleeping sickness control in Angola.

Paulo M Abel1, Godi Kiala, Vanda Lôa

  • 1ANGOTRIP, Caritas de Angola, Bairro Rocha Pinto, Morro da Luz, Luanda, Angola. angotrip@netangola.com

Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH
|January 20, 2004
PubMed
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Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) control is achievable in Angola despite challenging conditions. A program reduced stage II mortality from 7.5% to 2.9% through standardized treatment and screening.

Area of Science:

  • Neglected Tropical Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health in Africa

Background:

  • Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) presents a significant public health challenge in Africa, with epidemic resurgences noted.
  • Northern Angola has been particularly affected by the resurgence of HAT.
  • The complex interplay between conflict and disease incidence necessitates targeted control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the initial 5-year impact of a HAT control program in northern Angola.
  • To assess the effectiveness of melarsoprol treatment protocols and vector control measures.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of HAT control by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in challenging environments.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of 13,426 patients for HAT between 1996 and 2001.

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  • Implementation of standardized treatment protocols for stage II HAT patients using melarsoprol.
  • Conducting widespread screening of 191,578 individuals across three Angolan provinces.
  • Initiation of vector control activities utilizing Lancien traps.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant reduction in the mortality rate for stage II HAT patients treated with melarsoprol, decreasing from 7.5% to 2.9%.
    • Successful screening of a large population, indicating the reach of the control program.
    • Evidence of improved patient outcomes attributed to enhanced training and standardized treatment protocols.

    Conclusions:

    • Dedicated NGOs, in collaboration with national institutions, can effectively implement HAT control programs even amidst difficult circumstances.
    • Standardization of treatment protocols and ongoing training are crucial for improving patient outcomes in HAT management.
    • The study highlights the critical link between conflict and disease spread, underscoring the need for sustained public health interventions in affected regions.