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Trisomy 13 in acute leukemia.

M R Baer1, C D Bloomfield

  • 1Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263.

Leukemia & Lymphoma
|May 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Trisomy 13 as an isolated genetic change in acute leukemia indicates a poor prognosis. This finding is crucial for understanding acute leukemia in older males and guiding treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cytogenetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Trisomy 13, an isolated cytogenetic abnormality, is increasingly recognized for its negative prognostic impact in acute leukemia.
  • This chromosomal abnormality is predominantly observed in older males and can arise in de novo leukemia, treatment-associated leukemia, or leukemia evolving from myelodysplastic syndromes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical and biological characteristics of acute leukemia associated with trisomy 13.
  • To evaluate the prognostic significance of trisomy 13 in acute leukemia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of 36 reported cases of acute leukemia with trisomy 13.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, leukemia subtypes (AML, AUL, ALL, mixed lineage), immunophenotyping data, and treatment outcomes.

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Main Results:

  • The 36 cases comprised 26 acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 6 acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL), 2 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 2 mixed lineage leukemia.
  • Immunophenotyping frequently revealed undifferentiated or biphenotypic markers.
  • Trisomy 13 was associated with a low complete remission rate and short remission duration.

Conclusions:

  • Trisomy 13 as a sole cytogenetic abnormality confers an adverse prognosis in acute leukemia.
  • The specific genes on chromosome 13 and their role in the pathogenesis of acute leukemia require further investigation.