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Related Experiment Videos

Planar polarity from flies to vertebrates.

Manolis Fanto1, Helen McNeill

  • 1Cancer Research UK, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PX, UK.

Journal of Cell Science
|January 20, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Planar cell polarity (PCP) relies on conserved PCP genes like Frizzled (Fz) and Dishevelled (Dsh). These proteins independently regulate cell surface and cytoskeleton organization in a non-canonical pathway.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Planar cell polarity (PCP) is a fundamental biological process observed across diverse organisms, crucial for epithelial organization.
  • A conserved set of Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) genes orchestrates this cellular orientation.
  • Key PCP proteins, Frizzled (Fz) and Dishevelled (Dsh), are central to PCP signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the independent functions of Frizzled (Fz) and Dishevelled (Dsh) proteins in non-canonical planar cell polarity signaling.
  • To investigate the roles of cell adhesion molecules in PCP-mediated reorganization of the cell surface and cytoskeleton.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of conserved PCP genes and their protein products.
  • Investigation of signaling pathways involving Frizzled (Fz) and Dishevelled (Dsh).
  • Focus on the function of cell adhesion molecules like Fat, Dachsous, and Flamingo in cellular organization.

Main Results:

  • Frizzled (Fz) and Dishevelled (Dsh) proteins possess independent functions critical for PCP.
  • These proteins operate within a non-canonical pathway distinct from Wingless (Wg)/Wnt signaling.
  • Cell adhesion molecules play a significant role in PCP-driven cellular rearrangements.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights the distinct roles of Fz and Dsh in establishing planar cell polarity.
  • Understanding these non-canonical pathways is essential for comprehending epithelial organization.
  • Cell adhesion molecules are integral components of the PCP machinery.

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