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The transition from development to motor control function in the corticospinal system.

Zhuo Meng1, Qun Li, John H Martin

  • 1Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, USA.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|January 23, 2004
PubMed
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Temporal facilitation enhances corticospinal (CS) system responses during postnatal development. Stronger facilitation in older kittens and adults enables effective motor control, suggesting a presynaptic mechanism for muscle activation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • The corticospinal (CS) system's ability to evoke muscle contraction develops postnatally.
  • Early postnatal stimulation is minimally effective, while later development shows increased efficacy and motor representation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental correlation of temporal facilitation with changes in corticospinal system efficacy.
  • To understand the mechanisms underlying the development of motor control.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed temporal facilitation of monosynaptic CS responses in kittens of varying ages and adults.
  • Correlated facilitation strength with motor response magnitude evoked by pyramidal tract stimulation.
  • Examined corticospinal axon varicosity colocalization with synaptophysin in older kittens and adults.

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Main Results:

  • Temporal facilitation of monosynaptic CS responses increased with age.
  • Stronger facilitation correlated with larger motor responses evoked by less intense stimulation.
  • Presynaptic mechanisms, indicated by synaptophysin colocalization, were associated with effective facilitation in older animals.

Conclusions:

  • Temporal facilitation is a key factor in the developmental maturation of the corticospinal system's ability to control movement.
  • Developmental changes in facilitation, potentially involving presynaptic mechanisms, are crucial for effective motor output.