Zebrafish as an experimental model: strategies for developmental and molecular neurobiology studies

Zebrafish provide a rapid and effective means for assessing gene function in the vertebrate nervous system. By employing gain- and loss-of-function techniques it is possible to obtain insights into the roles of both wild-type and heterologously expressed genes. Such approaches enable rapid progression from gene discovery to gene expression and finally to gene function even when examining development of a tissue as complex as the nervous system. Exploiting the full potential of zebrafish as a bioassay for the nervous system will require, not only an understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of normal zebrafish development, but also an appreciation of comparative processes in other species. When applied to mutant animals, classic morphological approaches and contemporary molecular genetic techniques are providing a wealth of information on the development of the nervous system at the molecular, cell, system and behavioural levels. Zebrafish are now emerging as an important tool, supporting mouse genetical approaches for understanding neural function in vertebrates.