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Related Experiment Videos

Cold wind stimulation reflex.

J LeBlanc1, I Mercier

  • 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|November 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Cold wind on the face causes heart rate reduction (bradycardia) via the vagus nerve. However, it reduces insulin secretion and increases norepinephrine, suggesting sympathetic nervous system involvement with the pancreas. Further research is needed.

Area of Science:

  • Autonomic Nervous System Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Regulation
  • Endocrine Responses

Background:

  • Vagal reflex stimulation is known to induce bradycardia from facial cold wind and cephalic insulin release during feeding.
  • The interplay between autonomic pathways and their differential effects on cardiac and pancreatic functions requires elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether cold wind applied to the face elicits both cardiac and pancreatic autonomic stimulation.
  • To differentiate the autonomic pathways involved in cardiac and pancreatic responses to facial cold wind exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Application of 4°C wind to the face for 4 minutes.
  • Monitoring of heart rate (bradycardia), respiration rate, plasma insulin, C-peptide, and norepinephrine levels.

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Main Results:

  • A rapid and persistent bradycardia was observed, lasting up to 35 minutes post-stimulation.
  • Cold wind exposure led to a slight reduction in insulin and C-peptide secretion.
  • Significant increases in plasma norepinephrine levels were noted, indicating sympathetic activation.
  • Respiration rate showed a gradual effect that ceased immediately after stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Cold wind on the face stimulates the vagus nerve's action on the heart, while sympathetic action influences the pancreas.
  • This contrasts with the cephalic phase of feeding, where vagal influence is on the pancreas and sympathetic action on the heart.
  • The precise control mechanisms for these differential autonomic responses remain unknown and warrant further investigation.