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Stroke volume and cardiac output decrease at termination of obstructive apneas.

E Garpestad1, H Katayama, J A Parker

  • 1Charles A. Dana Institute, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|November 1, 1992
PubMed
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) causes dangerous drops in cardiac output during breathing recovery. This may worsen oxygen delivery to tissues during sleep.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to cardiovascular issues.
  • Patients with OSA experience cyclical changes in blood pressure and respiration during sleep.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine cardiac function during the apnea-recovery cycle in severe OSA patients.
  • To investigate changes in left ventricular stroke volume (LVSV) and cardiac output (CO) during sleep.

Main Methods:

  • Continuous monitoring of LVSV and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in six males with severe OSA.
  • Measurements taken during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep.
  • Apnea-recovery cycle divided into early apnea (EA), late apnea (LA), and recovery (Rec) phases.

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Main Results:

  • Recovery from apnea showed an abrupt decrease in LVSV compared to EA and LA phases.
  • Despite increased heart rate, cardiac output (CO) significantly fell during recovery.
  • Mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased significantly during recovery.

Conclusions:

  • Apnea termination in severe OSA is associated with reduced LVSV and CO.
  • These cardiac function changes during recovery may impair tissue oxygen delivery, especially when combined with low oxygen saturation.