Epilation with Nd:YAG laser: a brief analysis of the technical application methods, results and pre- and...

With the use of the so-called "selective" lasers, it is possible to operate specifically on the melanin as the absorbing target of undesirable hair. The optimal pulse duration for laser epilation should be found between the TRT of the epidermis (1-2 msec) and the TRT of the follicle (10-50 msec). For the thermal destruction of the follicle containing melanin, the ideal laser energy should (1) be absorbed in a selective manner with respect to other chromophores; (2) have a wavelength capable of penetrating in depth and reaching the target to be treated; and (3) be sufficient to destroy tissue targets (in the hair the papilla, the follicular epithelium, the so-called "bulge" and also the vascular support). With this method the melanin and the follicular structures are "heated" in a preferential manner while still safeguarding the adjacent skin structures. Numerous laser systems are employed in the treatment of undesirable hair with varying results according to the source, procedures, phototype, and pigmentation of the hair to be treated. The most frequent side effects may be discomfort or a slight burning sensation and un-aesthetic pigment changes or scarring. We report here our experience based on the treatment of 94 subjects over a 12 month period using the Nd:YAG laser (SMARTEPIL 2, Deka M.E.L.A., Italy). Our results indicate that a wavelength of 1064 nm is efficacious in obtaining a greater penetration and reaching the deeper follicles, with a greater respect for the skin due to the lower absorption by the melanin, and consequently a lower incidence of side effects.