Dangerous and severe personality disorders: a new personality concept from the United Kingdom

In 1998, we in England were shocked by the apparently motiveless murders of a mother and two of her children when they were traveling home from school in a rural area. Subsequently a patient with personality disorder, being monitored by the forensic psychiatric services, was convicted of their murders. The government was determined to prevent this type of offense from recurring and in 1999 introduced a new concept, dangerous and severe personality disorder (DSPD). This subsequently became a treatment and assessment program for individuals who satisfy three requirements: (1) have a severe disorder of personality, (2) present a significant risk of causing serious physical or psychological harm from which the victim would find it difficult or impossible to recover, and (3) the risk of offending should be functionally linked to the personality disorder. The implications of this program are discussed with regard to international systems of classification and service provision. We also attempt to place DSPD in the wider context of psychiatric participation in the management of personality disordered offenders.