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The effect of the PREMIER interventions on insulin sensitivity
Jamy D Ard1, Steve C Grambow, Di Liu
1Duke Hypertension Center, Duke University Medical Center, and Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA. jamy.ard@uab.edu
Diabetes Care
|January 30, 2004
Summary
Adding the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet to a lifestyle intervention significantly improved insulin sensitivity in hypertensive adults. This dietary pattern enhanced blood pressure control and metabolic health beyond general lifestyle advice.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Metabolic Syndrome Research
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Hypertension management often involves lifestyle modifications.
- Insulin sensitivity is a key metabolic factor linked to cardiovascular health.
- The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is known for its blood pressure-lowering effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of a comprehensive behavioral intervention for hypertension on insulin sensitivity.
- To compare the effects of this intervention with and without the DASH dietary pattern.
Main Methods:
- Ancillary study of the PREMIER trial.
- Three non-pharmacologic intervention groups: advice only, established lifestyle intervention, and established lifestyle intervention plus DASH diet.
- Insulin sensitivity measured using the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test at baseline and 6 months.
Main Results:
- Both intervention groups achieved similar weight loss and reductions in calories, fat, and sodium.
- The DASH group (Group C) showed significant improvement in insulin sensitivity (1.96 to 2.95, P = 0.047).
- The established intervention group (Group B) had reduced fasting insulin and glucose but no statistically significant improvement in insulin sensitivity compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- The DASH dietary pattern, when integrated into a comprehensive lifestyle intervention, significantly enhances insulin action.
- This suggests the DASH diet offers benefits for insulin sensitivity beyond general hypertension management strategies.