Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Cone inputs in macaque primary visual cortex.

Elizabeth N Johnson1, Michael J Hawken, Robert Shapley

  • 1Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA. johnson@neuro.duke.edu

Journal of Neurophysiology
|January 30, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Higher order visual processing in the visual cortex.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same author

3D ultrastructural comparison of synapses in thalamic and non-thalamic recipient layers of macaque V1.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2026
Same author

Three-dimensional ultrastructural differences between thalamic and non-thalamic recipient layers in macaque V1.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Cortical processing of color: Chromatic visual evoked potentials.

Vision research·2025
Same author

Low luminance contrast's effect on the color appearance of S-cone patterns.

Vision research·2024
Same author

Neuronal composition of processing modules in human V1: laminar density for neuronal and non-neuronal populations and a comparison with macaque.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2024

Primary visual cortex (V1) neurons process color vision by integrating signals from L, M, and S cones. Color-luminance cells in V1 are double-opponent, enhancing sensitivity to color boundaries for perception.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Color Vision

Background:

  • The primary visual cortex (V1) is crucial for visual processing, including color vision.
  • Understanding cone photoreceptor input to V1 neurons is key to elucidating color perception mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly measure the input from L, M, and S cone types onto macaque V1 neurons.
  • To classify V1 cells based on their responses to luminance and color stimuli.
  • To investigate the role of cone opponency in V1 cell function.

Main Methods:

  • Used L-, M-, and S-cone-isolating gratings to measure spatial frequency response functions.
  • Estimated relative cone weights and input sign (same or opposite) from peak responses.
  • Classified cells as luminance-preferring, color-luminance, or color-preferring based on response ratios.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Most V1 cells showed minimal S-cone input (weight <0.1).
  • Color-preferring cells were cone-opponent with balanced L/M cone inputs (ratio ~ -1).
  • Luminance cells were mostly cone non-opponent (88%), while color-luminance cells were predominantly cone-opponent (73%).

Conclusions:

  • V1 color-luminance cells are double-opponent, increasing sensitivity to color boundaries.
  • These double-opponent neurons likely play a significant role in color perception.
  • The broad distribution of preferred colors in color-luminance cells suggests diverse roles in visual processing.