Projectile-shape dependence of impact craters in loose granular media
1Department of Physics & Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA.
Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|February 3, 2004
Abstract:
We report on the penetration of cylindrical projectiles dropped from rest into a dry, noncohesive granular medium. The cylinder length, diameter, density, and tip shape are all explicitly varied. For deep penetrations, as compared to the cylinder diameter, the data collapse onto a single scaling law that varies as the 1/3 power of the total drop distance, the 1/2 power of cylinder length, and the 1/6 power of cylinder diameter. For shallow penetrations, the projectile shape plays a crucial role with sharper objects penetrating deeper.
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