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Stationary core-annular flow through a horizontal pipe.

G Ooms1, P Poesio

  • 1J.M. Burgers Center, Delft University of Technology, Laboratory for Aero- and Hydrodynamics, Leeghwaterstraat 21, 2628 CA Delft, The Netherlands.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|February 3, 2004
PubMed
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Core-annular flow involves a high-viscosity core within a low-viscosity layer. Snake waves on the core surface can counteract buoyancy forces, unlike bamboo waves, according to this theoretical study.

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Multiphase flow

Background:

  • Core-annular flow is a configuration where a high-viscosity liquid core is surrounded by a low-viscosity annular liquid layer in a horizontal pipe.
  • Buoyancy forces arise from density differences between the core and annular layer, influencing flow stability.
  • Surface instabilities on the core, such as bamboo and snake waves, are known to generate secondary flows and pressure variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically investigate the core-annular flow of immiscible liquids in a horizontal pipe.
  • To determine how buoyancy forces acting on the core are counterbalanced by hydrodynamic forces generated by surface waves.
  • To compare the effectiveness of snake waves versus bamboo waves in counteracting buoyancy.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical investigation using hydrodynamic-lubrication theory.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Modeling the core as a rigid body.
  • Analyzing the generation of secondary flows and hydrodynamic forces by surface waves.

    • Main Results:

    • Snake waves on the core surface generate lubrication forces that can effectively counterbalance the buoyancy force.
    • Bamboo waves on the core surface do not generate sufficient hydrodynamic forces to counteract the buoyancy force.
    • Secondary flows induced in the annular layer play a crucial role in force generation.

    Conclusions:

    • The shape of surface waves significantly impacts the stability of core-annular flow.
    • Snake waves provide a mechanism for stabilizing the core against buoyancy-driven displacement.
    • Hydrodynamic-lubrication theory is a valuable tool for analyzing forces in such complex fluid systems.