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T cells causing immunological disease.

R M Zinkernagel1, H Pircher, P S Ohashi

  • 1Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.

Springer Seminars in Immunopathology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Self peptides expressed outside the thymus can trigger T cell responses, leading to diseases mimicking autoimmunity. These "non-immunological self" diseases may be preventable and treatable like foreign antigen responses.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pathology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Genetically encoded self peptides expressed extrathymically on non-lymphohemopoietic cells may not be recognized as
  • These peptides can be antigenic and elicit effector T cell responses when presented by antigen-presenting cells.
  • This challenges the traditional view of self-tolerance and autoimmunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the immunological status of extrathymically expressed self peptides.
  • To propose a revised understanding of T cell-mediated diseases against self antigens.
  • To integrate these concepts into existing immunopathology classifications.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing evidence on self peptide immunogenicity.
  • Conceptual framework development for T cell-mediated immunopathology.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Consideration of Gell and Coombs classification for immunopathologies.

    • Main Results:

    • Extrathymically expressed self peptides can be antigenic and induce T cell-mediated immune responses.
    • Substantial immune responses against these self peptides can cause diseases resembling autoimmune conditions.
    • These diseases are more accurately termed "immunopathological T cell-mediated diseases".

    Conclusions:

    • The concept of "non-immunological self" is proposed for peptides expressed extrathymically.
    • These diseases may be preventable and treatable using principles applied to foreign antigen responses, such as vaccination.
    • A revised classification of immunopathologies incorporating these findings is suggested.