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Aging, physical activity and height-normalized body composition parameters.

Ursula G Kyle1, Laurence Genton, Gérald Gremion

  • 1Division of Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospital, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|February 6, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Regular physical activity is linked to healthier body composition, with physically active adults exhibiting lower body fat mass index (BFMI) and more stable fat-free mass index (FFMI) across age groups. This study highlights the benefits of exercise for maintaining optimal FFMI and BFMI.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Body composition analysis
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Regular physical activity is crucial for preventing weight gain and reducing mortality.
  • Understanding the impact of age and activity levels on body composition is essential for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related differences in fat-free mass index (FFMI) and body fat mass index (BFMI) in healthy adults.
  • To determine the association between physical activity levels and FFMI/BFMI in different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 3549 men and 3184 women aged 18-98 years.
  • Participants were categorized as sedentary or physically active (≥3 hours/week of moderate-to-high intensity activity).
  • Fat-free mass index (FFMI) and body fat mass index (BFMI) were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis.

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Main Results:

  • Physically active individuals had significantly lower BFMI compared to sedentary individuals, with this difference increasing with age.
  • Active subjects were less likely to have extreme FFMI or BFMI values and more likely to have a low BFMI.
  • While overall fat mass increased with age, height-normalized FFMI remained stable until age 74, then declined.

Conclusions:

  • Physical activity is associated with a healthier body composition, characterized by lower BFMI and a reduced likelihood of extreme FFMI.
  • Contrary to popular belief, FFMI remains stable with age until the mid-70s.
  • FFMI and BFMI are valuable indices for comparing body composition across different heights and age groups.