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Published on: October 26, 2020
Prevalence of renal artery stenosis in patients undergoing routine cardiac catheterization
Akram A Saleh1, Basem B Bustami
1Department of Cardiology, King Abdullah Teaching University Hospital, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. akramasaleh@yahoo.com
Insights
The study found that 7.6% of patients undergoing cardiac catheterization had renal artery stenosis (RAS). Risk factors included older age, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and fewer coronary lesions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a significant vascular condition.
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) and RAS often coexist.
- Screening for RAS in patients with suspected CAD is clinically relevant.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of renal artery stenosis (RAS).
- To identify associated risk factors for RAS.
- To evaluate the diagnostic yield of screening for RAS in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization.
Main Methods:
- A prospective study of 354 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac catheterization.
- Abdominal aortography was performed concurrently with left-sided cardiac catheterization.
- Data on patient demographics, comorbidities, and angiographic findings were collected.
Main Results:
- The overall prevalence of RAS was 7.6% (3.1% significant, 4.5% insignificant).
- Patients with RAS were older, more likely to have hypertension, diabetes, and be smokers.
- RAS was associated with fewer than 2 coronary lesions.
Conclusions:
- RAS is prevalent in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.
- Key risk factors for RAS include age, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking.
- Screening for RAS can increase diagnostic yield in specific patient subgroups.
Objective:
To determine the prevalence of renal artery stenosis (RAS) and associated risk factors in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for suspected coronary artery disease.
Methods:
Three hundred and fifty-four consecutive patients (71 female) were studied at the Cardiology Unit of King Abdullah University Teaching Hospital, Irbid, Jordan, between May 2002 and May 2003. Left-sided cardiac catheterization and abdominal aortography were performed to screen for coronary and renal artery disease.
Results:
Of the 354 patients, 285 had coronary artery disease and 27 had RAS. Significant RAS was present in 11 patients. Patients with RAS were older (66 +/- 8 versus 59 +/- 10, mean +/- SD; p=0.004), had higher incidence of systolic hypertension (156 +/-14 versus 130 +/- 16 mm Hg; p=0.005), diabetes mellitus (72% versus 38%; p=0.004), smoker (85% versus 55; p=0.005), and had less than 2 coronary lesions.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of significant and insignificant RAS is 3.1% and 4.5%. Diagnostic yield increase in elderly patient with less than 2 coronary lesions, elevated systolic pressure, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and electrocardiogram criteria of left ventricular hypertrophy.
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