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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...

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Bone marrow infection with Mycobacterium fortuitum in a diabetic patient.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP·2011
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
07:41

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: April 17, 2019

Morgagni's hernia.

Malik Muhammad Khalid1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Combined Military Hospital, Multan.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|February 7, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Morgagni hernia, a congenital diaphragmatic defect, typically appears in childhood. This case highlights a rare adult presentation of Morgagni hernia, diagnosed late due to initial misdiagnosis of angina and dyspepsia.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Congenital diaphragmatic hernias, such as Morgagni hernia, are typically diagnosed and surgically repaired in early childhood.
  • Delayed diagnosis in adults can lead to prolonged symptoms and misdiagnosis.

Observation:

  • A 45-year-old patient presented with atypical symptoms of dyspepsia and chest pain.
  • The patient had a history of misdiagnosis, being treated for angina and dyspepsia for many years.
  • A chest x-ray, initially not performed, was crucial for diagnosis.

Findings:

  • The case report details an unusual presentation of Morgagni hernia in an adult.
  • Diagnostic imaging, including chest x-ray and barium studies, confirmed the Morgagni hernia.
  • The delay in diagnosis was attributed to the absence of initial chest radiography.

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Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering rare diagnoses in adult patients with persistent, unexplained symptoms.
  • Highlights the diagnostic value of chest x-ray in cases of chronic dyspepsia and chest pain.
  • Emphasizes the need for comprehensive diagnostic workups to avoid prolonged misdiagnosis of congenital abnormalities.