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Orofacial cleft in Southern Italy.

F Carinci1, R Rullo, G Laino

  • 1Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. crc@unife.it

Minerva Stomatologica
|February 7, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Orofacial cleft (OFC) subtypes show gender-specific patterns. Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is more common in males, while cleft palate only (CPO) is more frequent in females.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Genetics
  • Congenital Malformations
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Orofacial cleft (OFC) represents a common congenital malformation with an incidence of approximately 1 in 1,000 live births.
  • OFC exhibits diverse classifications, including cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and alveolus (CLA), cleft lip, alveolus and palate (CLP), and cleft palate only (CPO).
  • The etiology of OFC is multifactorial, involving complex genetic and environmental interactions, necessitating studies in homogeneous populations to identify contributing factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between gender, cleft type, and affected side in a Southern Italian patient cohort.
  • To contribute to understanding the heterogeneous genetic and environmental factors influencing OFC development.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of 650 patients operated between 1980 and 2002 at the Dental Clinic of the Second University of Naples.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Statistical analysis using the "Test for comparing two proportions" to examine gender, cleft type, and affected side data.

    • Main Results:

    • A statistically significant association was found between gender and specific OFC subtypes.
    • Overall cleft lip and palate (CLP) and bilateral CLP were found to be more prevalent in males.
    • Cleft palate only (CPO) and the right microform of cleft lip (CL) were observed to be more frequent in females.

    Conclusions:

    • The study identified gender-specific patterns in OFC subtypes within a homogeneous ethnic group.
    • These findings align with previous research on diverse populations, reinforcing the heterogeneous nature of orofacial clefts.
    • Understanding gender-related differences in cleft subtypes can aid in targeted research and clinical management.