A retrospective study of choledochal cyst: clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Surgery
• Gastroenterology
• Medical Diagnostics

Background:

• Choledochal cysts require timely diagnosis and treatment to avoid severe complications such as biliary cirrhosis and increased patient morbidity.
• Delayed management of choledochal cysts can lead to life-threatening outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To retrospectively analyze clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes in 26 children diagnosed with choledochal cysts.
• To emphasize the importance of early detection and intervention in managing choledochal cysts.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of 26 pediatric patients with choledochal cysts.
• Analysis of clinical findings, diagnostic imaging (primarily ultrasonography), and surgical treatment modalities employed.
• Evaluation of patient outcomes, including mortality and morbidity rates.

Main Results:

• The most frequent clinical presentations observed were abdominal pain, vomiting, and abdominal masses, differing from the classic triad of jaundice, mass, and pain.
• Abdominal ultrasonography was identified as the most effective diagnostic tool.
• Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy demonstrated excellent results with minimal mortality and morbidity compared to internal drainage procedures.

Conclusions:

• Prompt diagnosis and surgical management are essential for preventing long-term complications associated with choledochal cysts in children.
• Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy is a preferred and effective surgical approach for choledochal cyst treatment.
• Clinical presentation in children may deviate from the classical triad, highlighting the need for high diagnostic suspicion.