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Related Experiment Videos

Average KR degrades parameter learning.

G Wulf1, R A Schmidt

  • 1Max-Planck-Institute for Psychological Research, Leopoldstrasse 24, 80802 Munich, Germany. wulf@mpipf-muenchen.mpg.de

Journal of Motor Behavior
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
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Average knowledge of results (KR) hinders motor learning, specifically the ability to adjust movement amplitudes. This study found that while the fundamental movement pattern remained unaffected, precise amplitude control was impaired by averaged feedback.

Area of Science:

  • Motor Learning
  • Motor Control
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Knowledge of Results (KR) is crucial for motor skill acquisition.
  • The impact of different KR schedules on learning complex motor patterns requires further investigation.
  • Understanding how feedback timing influences the learning of movement parameters is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of averaged knowledge of results (KR) on learning a spatiotemporal movement pattern.
  • To determine if averaged KR influences the learning of fundamental movement patterns versus movement parameterization (amplitude).

Main Methods:

  • Eighty-five participants practiced three movement patterns under five different KR conditions.
  • Conditions included full KR, averaged KR, running-averaged KR, 33% KR, and a combination of full and averaged KR.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Movement patterns shared relative timing and amplitudes but varied in absolute amplitudes.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences were observed in the learning of the fundamental movement pattern (generalized motor program) across groups.
    • Groups receiving averaged KR (average and running-average conditions) demonstrated significantly poorer learning of movement amplitude parameterization.
    • The ability to adjust movement amplitude was degraded by averaged feedback schedules.

    Conclusions:

    • Averaged knowledge of results (KR) negatively impacts the learning of movement amplitude adjustments.
    • While the core motor program is robust to averaged feedback, precise parameterization is sensitive to KR schedules.
    • Optimizing KR delivery is critical for effective motor learning, particularly for tasks requiring amplitude modulation.