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Updated: Jul 28, 2026
06:22
Neonatal Pial Surface Electroporation
Published on: May 7, 2014
Iniencephaly. A case report
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
The Journal of Reproductive Medicine
|October 1, 1992
Summary
Prenatal ultrasound can diagnose the rare central nervous system (CNS) malformation, iniencephaly apertus, by identifying extreme head retroflexion and spinal deformities. Early diagnosis is crucial for managing this severe congenital condition.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Fetal Medicine
- Neurology
Background:
- Iniencephaly apertus is a rare and severe congenital malformation of the central nervous system (CNS).
- It primarily affects the brain and neck structures.
- Key features include retroflexion of the head and exaggerated cervicothoracic lordosis.
Observation:
- Prenatal ultrasound diagnosed iniencephaly apertus at 21 weeks' gestation.
- The condition is characterized by extreme dorsiflexion of the fetal head.
- Associated spinal abnormalities, such as a short and deformed spine, are consistently observed.
Findings:
- Iniencephaly apertus involves significant pathologies in the brain and neck.
- Other CNS malformations like anencephaly, spina bifida, and encephalocele are frequently associated.
- The diagnosis relies on detecting the characteristic head and spinal deformities.
Implications:
- Accurate prenatal diagnosis via ultrasound is critical for iniencephaly apertus.
- Early identification allows for appropriate counseling and management planning.
- Understanding associated CNS malformations aids in predicting prognosis and potential interventions.
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