[Ilisarov ring fixation and its technical application]

The Ilisarov ring fixator is an extremely versatile external fixation device. There is a wide range of indications for its use, e.g. fractures, pseudarthroses and non-unions, large defects, deformities and limb shortening. The device consists of rings or half-rings, which are connected to each other by threaded rods or plates and to the bone by wires under tension. This design allows neutral fixation, compression or distraction of the bone fragments. Because of its low axial stiffness at low loads and increased stiffness at higher loads, this fixator promotes osteogenesis and reduces strain on the tissues in functional treatment. Surgical intervention for its application is minimally invasive. This is a useful addition to the orthopaedic surgeon's armamentarium, providing proper attention is paid to preoperative planning, the principle rules of frame design and wire insertion technique, and postoperative management.