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Ciprofloxacin-induced acute interstitial nephritis
J R Bailey1, S A Trott, J T Philbrick
1Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville 22908.
Abstract:
Acute renal failure is a complication attributed to numerous medications. Few cases linked to the newer fluoroquinolones have been described. We report a case of acute interstitial nephritis confirmed by renal biopsy that developed in a patient within days of starting ciprofloxacin therapy. A review of the literature reveals common clinical manifestations of this rare adverse effect. Clinicians should be aware of this potential complication of ciprofloxacin use.
Insights
Acute interstitial nephritis is a rare complication of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. This case report highlights a patient who developed this kidney injury shortly after starting ciprofloxacin.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant clinical concern with diverse etiologies.
- Medication-induced nephrotoxicity is a well-documented cause of AKI.
- Fluoroquinolones are a class of antibiotics with a generally favorable safety profile, but rare adverse effects are increasingly recognized.
Observation:
- A case of acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is presented.
- The patient developed AIN within days of initiating ciprofloxacin therapy.
- Renal biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of AIN.
Findings:
- This report details a rare instance of AIN linked to ciprofloxacin.
- Literature review indicates common clinical presentations for this fluoroquinolone-associated nephrotoxicity.
- The adverse effect appears to be idiosyncratic and uncommon.
Implications:
- Clinicians must maintain awareness of potential AIN from ciprofloxacin.
- Early recognition and discontinuation of the offending agent are crucial for managing fluoroquinolone-induced AIN.
- Further pharmacovigilance may be warranted for newer fluoroquinolones.