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Related Experiment Videos

Relationship between antioxidants, prooxidants, and the aging process.

R S Sohal1, W C Orr

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|November 21, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Oxidative stress, driven by increased mitochondrial oxygen and hydrogen peroxide generation, is a key factor in aging. This rate of oxidant production, not antioxidant defenses, better predicts species

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Reduced oxygen species are implicated as causal factors in aging.
  • Metabolic rate is inversely associated with aging rate.
  • Oxidative stress increases with age in mammals and insects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes of age-related oxidative stress.
  • To determine the relationship between antioxidant defenses, oxidant generation, and maximum lifespan potential (MLSP).

Main Methods:

  • Measured in vivo levels of oxidative stress via alkane exhalation.
  • Assessed antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, catalase, glutathione) in mammalian species.
  • Quantified mitochondrial rates of O2- and H2O2 generation in mammals and insects.

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Main Results:

  • Age-associated decline in antioxidant defenses was not significant.
  • Mitochondrial O2- and H2O2 generation rates increased with age.
  • MLSP was inversely correlated with liver mitochondrial O2- and H2O2 generation.

Conclusions:

  • Increased oxidative stress with age is primarily due to enhanced mitochondrial oxidant generation, not reduced antioxidant defenses.
  • Rates of oxidant generation correlate better with aging rates than antioxidant defense levels.
  • Differences in O2- and H2O2 production may explain variations in aging rates among related species.