Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development
14:22

Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development

Published on: April 15, 2013

Intervention of adriamycin induced free radical damage

S Balanehru1, B Nagarajan

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Tumor Biochemistry, Cancer Institute, Madras, India.

Biochemistry International
|December 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

Oleanolic acid (OA) and Ursolic acid (UA) were investigated for their ability to protect against Adriamycin (ADR) induced cardiotoxicity. OA demonstrated significant protective effects against lipid peroxidation, while UA showed milder protection.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry
  • Natural Products

Background:

  • Adriamycin (ADR) induced cardiotoxicity limits its clinical use.
  • Drug-induced oxygen radicals cause cardiac lipid membrane peroxidation, a key mechanism of cardiotoxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the free radical scavenging potential of Oleanolic acid (OA) and Ursolic acid (UA).
  • To assess the protective effects of OA and UA against Adriamycin (ADR) induced lipid peroxidation in liver and heart microsomes in vitro.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the efficacy of OA and UA against ADR-induced lipid peroxidation in liver and heart microsomes.
  • Compared two methods for microsomal preparation: Calcium aggregation (CA) and Differential centrifugation (DC).

Main Results:

  • Oleanolic acid (OA) exhibited strong protection against ADR-induced lipid peroxidation (49% in liver, 21% in heart microsomes).
  • Combined treatment with OA and UA enhanced protection to 69%.
  • Ursolic acid (UA) showed mild protection (13% in liver, 17% in heart microsomes).

Conclusions:

  • Oleanolic acid (OA) is a potent protector against Adriamycin (ADR) induced cardiotoxicity.
  • Ursolic acid (UA) offers mild protection, and combined use with OA enhances efficacy.
  • Calcium aggregation (CA) appears to yield superior microsomal preparations for such studies.

More Related Videos

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment04:48

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Published on: January 7, 2015

Application of Laser Micro-irradiation for Examination of Single and Double Strand Break Repair in Mammalian Cells08:18

Application of Laser Micro-irradiation for Examination of Single and Double Strand Break Repair in Mammalian Cells

Published on: September 5, 2017

Related Concept Videos

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Mutations01:35

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity01:25

Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity

Bioactivation is a metabolic process that transforms less reactive substances into highly reactive metabolites, initiating tissue toxicity. This transformation can lead to various toxic effects, including carcinogenesis and teratogenesis. Reactive metabolites are classified into two main types: electrophiles and free radicals.Electrophiles are electron-deficient species and are produced primarily by the enzyme cytochrome P-450 during the metabolism of compounds containing carbon, nitrogen, or...
Spontaneous and Induced Mutations01:30

Spontaneous and Induced Mutations

Spontaneous mutations arise infrequently during DNA replication due to errors in the process. A key factor behind these errors is tautomeric shifts in nitrogenous bases, where bases transition from keto to enol forms or amino to imino forms. This shift can alter base-pairing rules, leading to mutations. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) arising from aerobic metabolism can damage DNA, resulting in depurination (loss of a purine base) or depyrimidination (loss of a pyrimidine base).