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Precedence effect and speech understanding in elderly listeners.

J L Cranford1, B Romereim

  • 1Department of Communicative Disorders & Sciences, Wichita State University, Kansas 67208.

Journal of the American Academy of Audiology
|November 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Many older adults struggle with sound localization due to neural integration issues. This study links difficulties in the precedence effect test to problems understanding speech in noisy environments, suggesting age-related auditory temporal acuity decline.

Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Speech Perception

Background:

  • Elderly individuals often face challenges with sound localization, particularly in tests of the precedence effect.
  • The precedence effect relies on neural integration of binaural temporal cues, which may be impaired by aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between difficulties in the precedence effect test and speech understanding deficits in older adults.
  • To determine if age-related neural timing or integration problems affect speech perception.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed elderly participants on a precedence effect test for sound localization.
  • Compared performance-intensity functions for phonetically balanced (PB) words and synthetic sentences with ipsilateral speech competition (SSI-ICM).

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Main Results:

  • A significant correlation was found between performance on the precedence effect test and SSI-max scores.
  • No significant correlation was observed between the precedence effect test and PB-max scores.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related speech understanding difficulties may stem partly from impaired auditory temporal acuity or resolution.
  • Deficits in neural processing of temporal cues contribute to challenges in speech perception for some older adults.