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Nutrition in acute pulmonary disease
M T DeMeo1, W Van de Graaff, K Gottlieb
1Section of Gastroenterology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153.
Nutrition Reviews
|November 1, 1992
Summary
Accurate nutritional assessment and therapy are crucial for acutely stressed patients with chronic pulmonary disease. Careful monitoring and individualized interventions are vital to avoid harm and ensure nutrient utilization, especially by controlling inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Nutrition
- Pulmonology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Acutely stressed patients with chronic pulmonary disease require precise nutritional support.
- Muscle wasting and altered cellular function are common, increasing risks from improper nutrition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of accurate nutritional assessment and therapy in this patient population.
- To discuss the challenges and future directions in nutritional management for critically ill pulmonary patients.
Main Methods:
- Review of current challenges in nutritional assessment and monitoring for chronic pulmonary disease patients under acute stress.
- Discussion of potential harms from excessive or inappropriate substrate provision.
- Exploration of future trends in nutritional intervention and monitoring.
Main Results:
- No single "gold standard" exists for nutritional assessment; a holistic clinical picture is essential.
- Excessive calories or specific substrates can be detrimental.
- Future assessments may integrate functional and immune system tests.
Conclusions:
- Nutritional assessment and therapy must be individualized and continuously reassessed.
- Effective nutritional intervention requires not only nutrient provision but also control of the inflammatory response for optimal utilization.