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Related Experiment Videos

Perceiving tongue position.

C Grover1, B Craske

  • 1Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Canada.

Perception
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human subjects accurately perceive tongue position inside and outside the mouth. This position sense relies on muscles and tendons, not just skin sensation, with minimal improvement from feedback.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Proprioception
  • Human motor control

Background:

  • Understanding the sensory mechanisms underlying tongue proprioception is crucial for fields like speech therapy and prosthodontics.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the specific sensory inputs contributing to the perception of tongue position.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the accuracy of horizontal tongue position perception both intra- and extra-orally.
  • To determine the contribution of non-cutaneous kinesthetic elements to tongue position sense.
  • To examine vertical tongue positioning and the calibration of the tongue's sensory map.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments involving naive human subjects pointing to targets with their tongue.
  • Utilizing gingival targets and fingertip extensions as reference points.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessing position sense with and without mucosal anesthesia.

    • Main Results:

    • Accurate perception of tongue position was demonstrated both inside and outside the mouth, with an average error of approximately 2 degrees.
    • Position sense remained consistent regardless of mucosal anesthesia, indicating a significant role for muscles, tendons, and corollary discharge.
    • External feedback provided minimal improvement in the accuracy of naive subjects' tongue positioning.

    Conclusions:

    • The tongue possesses a robust and accurate position sense, independent of mucosal sensation.
    • Musculoskeletal and corollary discharge mechanisms are key contributors to tongue proprioception.
    • The findings have implications for understanding oral motor control and sensory feedback mechanisms.