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Animal models for heat stroke studies.

Z A Damanhouri1, O S Tayeb

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods
|November 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

This review analyzes heat stroke research methods, highlighting animal models like rats, rabbits, and sheep as most suitable for studying heat-related illness and hyperthermia. Effective heat stroke management relies on rapid diagnosis and understanding these physiological changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Physiology
  • Toxicology
  • Animal Models in Research

Background:

  • Heat stroke is a critical medical emergency requiring prompt diagnosis and management.
  • Physiological, biochemical, and hematological alterations are characteristic of heat stroke, stemming from tissue damage or compensatory responses.
  • Hyperthermia induction and temperature monitoring are crucial for assessing heat stroke progression or recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare methodologies employed in heat stroke research.
  • To evaluate the suitability of various animal models for heat stroke studies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing literature on heat stroke research methodologies.
  • Comparison of different animal models used in heat-related studies, including rats, dogs, monkeys, baboons, cows, rabbits, sheep, and chicks.

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  • Assessment of models based on physiological similarity to humans, availability, cost, and handling ease.

    • Main Results:

    • Rats, rabbits, and sheep emerge as the most appropriate animal models for heat stroke research due to their human-like response to heat, cost-effectiveness, and ease of handling.
    • These models facilitate concurrent investigation of pharmacological and biochemical parameters.
    • Isolated organ studies can provide supplementary data.

    Conclusions:

    • The selection of appropriate animal models is critical for advancing our understanding of heat stroke pathophysiology and developing effective treatments.
    • Rats, rabbits, and sheep offer a balanced profile for heat stroke research, enabling comprehensive study designs.
    • Further research utilizing these models can explore therapeutic interventions and biochemical pathways involved in heat stroke.