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Evaluating memory wallets in conversations with persons with dementia.

M S Bourgeois1

  • 1Department of Communication, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260.

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
|December 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Memory wallets help individuals with dementia recall information and improve conversations. Minimal caregiver training is often sufficient for effective use and long-term benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Assistive Technology

Background:

  • Dementia significantly impairs memory and conversational abilities.
  • Maintaining factual recall is a challenge for individuals with dementia.
  • External memory aids can support cognitive function in dementia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of memory wallets for self-prompting factual information in individuals with dementia.
  • To assess the impact of memory wallets on prompted conversations with familiar partners.
  • To determine the minimal necessary caregiver training for memory wallet utilization.

Main Methods:

  • Nine subjects with dementia participated in the study.
  • Memory wallets were personalized with 30 pictures and sentences about familiar entities.

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  • Caregiver training varied across trials to assess its impact on intervention effectiveness.

    • Main Results:

    • All subjects successfully used memory wallets to enhance conversational accuracy.
    • Positive effects were observed even with limited or no caregiver training.
    • Long-term maintenance of conversational improvements was noted up to 30 months postintervention.

    Conclusions:

    • Memory wallets are a clinically useful intervention for persons with dementia.
    • Minimal preparation and orientation are often sufficient for effective memory wallet use.
    • Memory wallets can significantly improve conversational interactions for individuals with dementia.