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Updated: Aug 19, 2026

An Analytical Tool-box for Comprehensive Biochemical, Structural and Transcriptome Evaluation of Oral Biofilms Mediated by Mutans Streptococci
Published on: January 26, 2011
In situ microspatial imaging using two-photon and confocal laser scanning microscopy of bacteria and extracellular
Tomohiro Kawaguchi1, Alan W Decho
1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. tkawaguchi@sophe.sc.edu
Abstract:
The combination of a hydrophilic embedding resin, Nanoplast, with fluorescent probes, and subsequent imaging using two-photon and confocal laser scanning microscopy (2P-LSM and CLSM) has allowed in imaging of the in situ microspatial arrangements of microbial cells and their extracellular polymeric secretion (EPS) within marine stromatolites. Optical sectioning by 2P-LSM and CLSM allowed imaging of endolithic cyanobacteria cells, Solentia sp., seen within carbonate sand grains. 2P-LSM allowed very clear imaging with a high resolution of bacteria using DAPI, which normally require UV excitation and reduced photo-bleaching of fluorescent probes.
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