Application of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to fish genetics and genome mapping

The various applications of the technique of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to fish genetics will be reviewed for fishes being used as model organisms to study human disease, including those species for which major genome projects have been initiated. "FISH on fish" has been used to map highly repetitive sequences including centromere-specific sequences and sex-specific sequences, moderately repetitive sequences such as rRNAs and histones, and single-copy sequences. Paint probes specific for whole genomes, whole chromosomes, and chromosome subregions have been prepared for several species. The potential future applications of FISH to fish genetics and genome mapping will be discussed.