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Antenatal screening and early intervention for "perinatal" distress, depression and anxiety: where to from here?

M-P Austin

    Archives of Women'S Mental Health
    |February 14, 2004
    PubMed

    Insights

    The focus on perinatal mental health now includes pregnancy and the first year postpartum, shifting from just postnatal depression. Early intervention during pregnancy shows promise for identifying and managing mood and anxiety disorders.

    Area of Science:

    • Perinatal mental health
    • Psychiatry
    • Maternal and child health

    Background:

    • The study addresses the evolving understanding of mental health issues around childbirth, expanding from postnatal depression (PND) to the broader perinatal period.
    • The perinatal period is defined as encompassing pregnancy and the first year postpartum.
    • There is a growing recognition of the importance of prevention and early intervention for perinatal mood and anxiety disorders.

    Discussion:

    • Antenatal screening for predicting PND presents challenges.
    • Screening during pregnancy can identify psychological morbidity, including pre-existing risk factors and current symptoms, relevant throughout the perinatal period.
    • The article reviews randomized controlled trials of antenatal interventions targeting PND and interventions for women with postpartum depression.

    Key Insights:

    • A shift from focusing solely on postnatal depression to a wider spectrum of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders.
    • Antenatal screening is more beneficial for identifying psychological morbidity than for predicting PND.
    • Evidence from randomized controlled trials on antenatal and postnatal interventions is reviewed.

    Outlook:

    • Future clinical and research directions for early intervention in perinatal mood and anxiety disorders are identified.
    • Emphasis on a comprehensive approach to maternal mental health across the perinatal continuum.
    • Further research is needed to optimize antenatal and postnatal interventions.

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