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Problems with GH doping in sports.

M Bidlingmaier1, Z Wu, C J Strasburger

  • 1Neuroendocrine Unit, Medizinische Klinik- Innenstadt, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians - University, Munich, Germany. bidlingmaier@medinn.med.uni-muenchen.de

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
|February 18, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Detecting human growth hormone (hGH) doping is challenging due to its similarity to natural hGH. New methods focus on indirect markers and isoform changes to identify recombinant hGH abuse in athletes.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Sports Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Human growth hormone (hGH) is a prohibited substance by the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
  • Current detection methods for recombinant hGH doping are limited due to the identical amino acid sequence between natural and recombinant forms.
  • Recombinant hGH has a short half-life, making direct detection difficult.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review promising strategies for detecting recombinant hGH abuse in athletes.
  • To highlight the challenges in current hGH doping control procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of indirect detection methods focusing on changes in GH-dependent parameters.
  • Analysis of direct detection methods targeting alterations in the hGH isoform profile after administration.

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Main Results:

  • Changes in GH-dependent biomarkers can indicate hGH abuse, exceeding normal physiological variability.
  • Recombinant hGH administration leads to a reduced relative abundance of non-22 kD hGH isoforms due to negative feedback on pituitary secretion.

Conclusions:

  • Two main strategies show promise for detecting recombinant hGH: monitoring indirect biomarkers and analyzing serum hGH isoform patterns.
  • These methods offer potential solutions to the current limitations in anti-doping testing for hGH.