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[Otomastoiditis caused by Mycobacterium avium: a case report].

F Ticca1, D Comparcola, M C Graziani

  • 1I Divisione Malattie Infettive, Reparto ORL, Ospedale Bambino Gesu, IRCCS, Roma.

Le Infezioni in Medicina
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

This case study details a rare otomastoiditis infection caused by Mycobacterium avium in an immunocompetent child. Early diagnosis and combined surgical and medical treatment are crucial for managing this unusual non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Context:

  • Non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections typically affect immunocompromised individuals.
  • Cervical adenitis is the most common NTM manifestation in immunocompetent children.
  • Otomastoiditis caused by NTM is exceptionally rare.

Purpose:

  • To report a unique case of otomastoiditis caused by Mycobacterium avium in an immunocompetent child.
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges and treatment strategies for this rare condition.
  • To emphasize the importance of microbiological investigations in suspected NTM infections.

Summary:

  • A 15-month-old, immunologically normal child presented with persistent otitis unresponsive to standard treatment.
  • Imaging revealed soft tissue infiltration and erosion of the tegmen tympani.

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  • Culture identified Mycobacterium avium, leading to a treatment regimen including timpanomastoidectomy, antituberculous drugs, steroids, Clarithromycin, and Rifabutin.

    • Impact:

    • This case underscores the need for considering NTM in refractory ear infections, even in immunocompetent children.
    • It highlights the successful management of a rare otomastoiditis caused by Mycobacterium avium.
    • The findings advocate for collaborative efforts between surgeons and infectious disease specialists to optimize treatment for unusual NTM diseases.