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[Otomastoiditis caused by Mycobacterium avium: a case report]
F Ticca1, D Comparcola, M C Graziani
1I Divisione Malattie Infettive, Reparto ORL, Ospedale Bambino Gesu, IRCCS, Roma.
Le Infezioni in Medicina
|January 1, 1997
Summary
This case study details a rare otomastoiditis infection caused by Mycobacterium avium in an immunocompetent child. Early diagnosis and combined surgical and medical treatment are crucial for managing this unusual non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Context:
- Non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections typically affect immunocompromised individuals.
- Cervical adenitis is the most common NTM manifestation in immunocompetent children.
- Otomastoiditis caused by NTM is exceptionally rare.
Purpose:
- To report a unique case of otomastoiditis caused by Mycobacterium avium in an immunocompetent child.
- To highlight the diagnostic challenges and treatment strategies for this rare condition.
- To emphasize the importance of microbiological investigations in suspected NTM infections.
Summary:
- A 15-month-old, immunologically normal child presented with persistent otitis unresponsive to standard treatment.
- Imaging revealed soft tissue infiltration and erosion of the tegmen tympani.
- Culture identified Mycobacterium avium, leading to a treatment regimen including timpanomastoidectomy, antituberculous drugs, steroids, Clarithromycin, and Rifabutin.
Impact:
- This case underscores the need for considering NTM in refractory ear infections, even in immunocompetent children.
- It highlights the successful management of a rare otomastoiditis caused by Mycobacterium avium.
- The findings advocate for collaborative efforts between surgeons and infectious disease specialists to optimize treatment for unusual NTM diseases.