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Density-dependent effects of multiple predators sharing a common prey in an endophytic habitat.

Brian H Aukema1, Murray K Clayton, Kenneth F Raffa

  • 1Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, 345 Russell Laboratories, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA. aukema@entomology.wisc.edu

Oecologia
|February 18, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Predatory insects Thanasimus dubius and Platysoma cylindrica did not unexpectedly impact bark beetle prey Ips pini reproduction. However, intraspecific competition affected predator reproduction, with Thanasimus dubius showing a slight increase in replacement rate when combined with Platysoma cylindrica.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Entomology
  • Chemical Ecology

Background:

  • Multiple predator effects can alter predation outcomes, especially in shared habitats.
  • Endophytic insects, common pests, lack studies on multiple predator impacts within their endophytic habitat.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate density-dependent predation and reproduction of two predatory beetles (Thanasimus dubius and Platysoma cylindrica) on bark beetle prey (Ips pini) in a shared endophytic habitat.
  • To determine if combined predator effects lead to emergent outcomes on prey and predator reproduction.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory assay using multiple regression analysis to assess predator densities on prey establishment, reproduction, and predator reproduction.
  • Manipulated densities of Thanasimus dubius and Platysoma cylindrica preying on Ips pini within conifer stems.

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Main Results:

  • Both predators reduced Ips pini colonization and reproduction, with no unexpected emergent effects from their combination; predators were substitutable.
  • Predator reproduction was negatively impacted by intraspecific interference.
  • Thanasimus dubius showed a slight increase in net replacement rate when combined with Platysoma cylindrica, potentially due to larval predation on pupal Platysoma cylindrica.

Conclusions:

  • The combined effects of Thanasimus dubius and Platysoma cylindrica on Ips pini were additive, not synergistic or antagonistic.
  • Intraspecific competition significantly impacted predator reproductive success.
  • An emergent effect was observed in Thanasimus dubius reproduction, suggesting complex interactions within the endophytic habitat.