A probability model for assessing exposure among respirator wearers: Part I--Description of the model

The basic respirator equation states that the contaminant level inside a respirator (CI) is the product of the contaminant level outside the respirator (CO) and the decimal fraction penetration (P). On the basis of this relation, the authors present a probability model for the lognormal total distribution of CI levels among a respirator-wearing population; the model accounts for between-wearer and within-wearer variability in both CO levels and P values. The assumptions underlying the model are shown to be consistent with current knowledge about the variability in CO levels and P values. The model provides the basis for assessing the probability of overexposure to acute toxicants and to chronic toxicants among a respirator-wearing population.