[Positron-emission tomography in oncology].

Area of Science:

• Nuclear Medicine
• Oncology
• Radiology

Background:

• Positron-emission tomography (PET) with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has become a key imaging modality in oncology over the past decade.
• Its application spans various cancer types, including those of unknown primary location, lung, head and neck, lymphoma, melanoma, colorectal, and neuroendocrine cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the clinical results, emerging trends, and expert recommendations for F-18 FDG PET in cancer patient management.
• To evaluate the diagnostic and monitoring capabilities of F-18 FDG PET in oncology.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of clinical literature and expert guidelines on F-18 FDG PET application in cancer.
• Analysis of data concerning the efficacy, physiological basis, and performance of F-18 FDG PET.
• Consideration of F-18 FDG PET in conjunction with other imaging modalities like CT, MRT, and USI.

Main Results:

• F-18 FDG PET demonstrates significant potential in tumor screening, detection of metastases, and identification of cancer recurrences.
• The procedure is effective in monitoring treatment response to surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy.
• Integration with other imaging techniques enhances diagnostic accuracy for pathological changes at all cancer stages.

Conclusions:

• F-18 FDG PET plays a crucial role in the comprehensive management of cancer patients.
• Its use improves the accuracy of diagnosis, staging, and monitoring, leading to better therapeutic and follow-up outcomes.
• Combined imaging approaches utilizing F-18 FDG PET offer superior diagnostic performance in oncology.