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Risk factors for abomasal volvulus and left abomasal displacement in cattle
P D Constable1, G Y Miller, G F Hoffsis
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
American Journal of Veterinary Research
|July 1, 1992
Summary
This study identified key risk factors for abomasal volvulus (AV) and left displaced abomasum (LDA) in cattle. Dairy cattle, older animals, and females faced higher risks for both conditions.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Animal Science
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Abomasal volvulus (AV) and left displaced abomasum (LDA) are significant gastrointestinal disorders in cattle.
- Understanding risk factors is crucial for effective prevention and management strategies in bovine health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare and identify risk factors associated with abomasal volvulus (AV) and left displaced abomasum (LDA) in cattle.
- To analyze the influence of age, breed, gender, and season on the incidence of AV and LDA.
Main Methods:
- A hospital-based case-control study utilizing retrospective data from 17 North American veterinary schools.
- Analysis of 108,956 cattle records from 1977 to 1986, identifying 1,036 AV and 7,695 LDA cases.
Main Results:
- Dairy cattle exhibited significantly higher odds for both AV (OR 36.4) and LDA (OR 95.2) compared to beef cattle.
- Risk increased with age (4-7 years), and female cattle had higher odds for AV (OR 3.3) and LDA (OR 29.1).
- Seasonal variations were observed, with lowest case numbers in autumn; AV and LDA peaked in January and March, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Age, breed (dairy vs. beef), gender (female), and season are significant risk factors for AV and LDA in cattle.
- Breed-specific risks were noted, with Brown Swiss having lower AV odds and Guernseys higher LDA odds than Holsteins.
- The distinct seasonal patterns for AV and LDA suggest different underlying pathogenetic mechanisms requiring further investigation.