Reduced susceptibility effects in perfusion fMRI with single-shot spin-echo EPI acquisitions at 1.5 Tesla

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion contrast is not based on susceptibility effects and can therefore be used to study brain function in regions of high static inhomogeneity. As a proof of concept, single-shot spin-echo echo-planar imaging (EPI) acquisition was carried out with a multislice continuous ASL (CASL) method at 1.5T. A bilateral finger tapping paradigm was used in the presence of an exogenously induced susceptibility artifact over left motor cortex. The spin-echo CASL technique was compared with a regular gradient-echo EPI sequence with the same slice thickness, as well as other imaging methods using thin slices and spin-echo acquisitions. The results demonstrate improved functional sensitivity and efficiency of the spin-echo CASL approach as compared with gradient-echo EPI techniques, and a trend of improved sensitivity as compared with spin-echo EPI approach in the brain regions affected by the susceptibility artifact. ASL images, either with or without subtraction of the control, provide a robust alternative to blood oxygenation level dependant (BOLD) methods for activation imaging in regions of high static field inhomogeneity.