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Current concepts in anabolic-androgenic steroids.

Nick A Evans1

  • 1UCLA-Orthopaedic Hospital, Los Angeles, California, USA. drnicke@yahoo.com

The American Journal of Sports Medicine
|February 24, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) can increase muscle mass and strength, but their use carries risks. Recent research suggests potential therapeutic benefits of AAS at physiologic doses, warranting a reevaluation of their effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic testosterone derivatives with increasing popularity for performance enhancement and cosmetic purposes.
  • Societal interest in muscle enhancement and libido maintenance fuels AAS use, despite ongoing debate about their anabolic efficacy.
  • While supraphysiologic doses show anabolic effects, recent studies explore therapeutic applications of physiologic doses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reevaluate the positive and negative effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) in light of recent scientific advancements.
  • To present guidelines for the clinical evaluation of AAS users for sports medicine practitioners.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific investigations on supraphysiologic and physiologic doses of AAS.
  • Analysis of clinical studies on the therapeutic uses and adverse effects of AAS.
  • Development of clinical evaluation guidelines for AAS users.

Main Results:

  • Supraphysiologic doses of AAS demonstrate potent anabolic effects on the musculoskeletal system, increasing lean body mass, muscle fiber hypertrophy, and strength.
  • Physiologic doses of AAS have shown potential therapeutic uses with no significant short-term adverse effects.
  • The efficacy and risks associated with AAS use necessitate a comprehensive reevaluation.

Conclusions:

  • AAS possess significant anabolic properties, particularly at supraphysiologic doses, appealing to athletes and individuals seeking cosmetic muscle enhancement.
  • Emerging research indicates potential therapeutic benefits of AAS at physiologic doses, challenging previous perceptions of their risk profile.
  • A reevaluation of AAS's multifaceted effects is crucial, alongside the development of clinical guidelines for managing AAS users in sports medicine.

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