Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2026

Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
06:59

Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis

Published on: August 26, 2025

Acute pulmonary oedema following percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvoplasty in children

Savitri Shrivastava1, Munesh Tomar, Sitaraman Radhakrishnan

  • 1Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Escorts Heart Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India. savitri_sh@yahoo.com

Cardiology in the Young
|February 26, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Pulmonary valve balloon dilation can rarely cause acute pulmonary edema. This rare complication requires intensive support and can be fatal, as seen in one of two pediatric cases.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Balloon dilation of the pulmonary valve is a common interventional procedure for congenital heart disease.
  • Complications, while infrequent, necessitate careful monitoring and management.

Observation:

  • Two pediatric patients developed acute pulmonary edema shortly after successful pulmonary valve balloon dilation.
  • The onset of symptoms was rapid, occurring soon after the procedure.

Findings:

  • Pulmonary edema following pulmonary valve balloon dilation is an extremely rare complication.
  • Treatment involved diuretics, ionotropes, and ventilatory support.
  • Despite aggressive management, one patient experienced a fatal outcome.

Implications:

  • This case series highlights a rare but severe complication of pulmonary valve balloon dilation.
  • Clinicians should be aware of the potential for acute pulmonary edema in pediatric patients undergoing this procedure.
  • Prompt recognition and intensive supportive care are crucial for managing this complication.

More Related Videos

Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement from Autologous Pericardium with a Self-Expandable Nitinol Stent in an Adult Sheep Model05:31

Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement from Autologous Pericardium with a Self-Expandable Nitinol Stent in an Adult Sheep Model

Published on: June 8, 2022

Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
Pulmonary Edema II: Pathophysiology01:18

Pulmonary Edema II: Pathophysiology

Pulmonary edema is the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial and alveolar spaces of the lungs, impairing gas exchange and oxygen delivery. It may be cardiogenic or noncardiogenic, but both reduce oxygenation and lung compliance.Cardiogenic Pulmonary EdemaCardiogenic edema results from increased hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary capillaries, usually due to left ventricular dysfunction from myocardial infarction, heart failure, or valvular disease. Ineffective cardiac pumping causes blood to...
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...