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Updated: Aug 26, 2026

Temporal Analysis of the Nuclear-to-cytoplasmic Translocation of a Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Protein by Immunofluorescent Confocal Microscopy
Published on: November 4, 2018
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 compartmentalization in the central nervous system
1Department of Pathology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA. cpetito@med.miami.edu
Abstract:
HIV-1 replicates in monocyte-derived cells in multiple organ systems; in the central nervous system, productive infection is confined to monocyte lineage cells in the brain. In addition, productive viral infection takes place in the choroid plexus, where the incidence of infection is actually higher than in brain and is present prior to the onset of AIDS and immunosuppression. Restricted or latent infection occurs in astrocytes and neurons. The presence of perineuronal CD4+ lymphocytes, as well as activated microglia, support the potential for a trans-receptor mechanism of viral entry whereas intrinsic gene profiles do not appear to participate in conferring selective neuronal vulnerability or resistance to infection.
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